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PATENTED SEPT. 27, 1853.

J, L. MOTT.

BATHING TUB.

Rs rc YNOTO-LITHO wmuwomm o c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JORDAN L. MOTT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BATHING-TUB.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 10,049, dated September 27, 1853; Reissued August 14, 1855, No. 822.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JORDAN L. Mom, of New York, N. Y., have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bathing- Tubs, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1, is a plan; Fig. 2, an end elevation; Figs. 3 and 4:, longitudinal vertical sections taken at the lines A a and B Z) of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a cross section taken at the line C, c, of Fig. 1.

Same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

Heretofore, in making and mounting bathing tubs, the practice has been to employ a separate tube to prevent the overflow, which tube is at its lower end fitted to a hollow stopper to insert in the hole of the discharge tube, which hole when the tub is not in use, is usually closed with a blank or solid stopper as in such cases the overflow tube requires to be inserted before filling the tubit often happens that the insertion of the tube is neglected, and that the water in consequence overflows, and does serious injury to the house and besides, this tube being a separate thing and located between the feet of the bather is liable to injury.

Another plan has been to have an external compound standing pipe, connected with the bottom of the tube by means of a branch pipe so arranged as to admit hot and cold water vertically by one aperture through the bottom of the bathing tub. There is a separate overflow pipe connected at its upper and lower ends with this compound standing pipe. A valve placed within the compound pipe, between the upper and lower connections of the overflow pipe, and below the point of connection of the branch pipe which connects all with the ,tub, controls the discharge of water from the tub. When the valve is closed the water rises in the compound pipe and the surplus is discharged through the overflow. When the valve isopen the contents will run off through the compound pipe. This plan is objectionable for the following reasons. First, if the water he let into the tub vertically, if there be a heavy head as with the Groton in New York, it may splash over the sides of the tub if not against the ceiling of the bath room; second, too complicated, its many connections require a skilful workman to fit and arrange the apparatus for use.

It is desirable that the cold and hot water be introduced horizontally or nearly so, at or near the bottom of the tub and near to each other not only to insure the proper admixture of the cold and hot water, and to have the whole bath of a uniform temperature, which is diflicult to obtain when the water is supplied from the top; but, what is also very desirable to avoid splashing and noise. To obtain these objects, the cold and hot water pipes have been coupled to the tub at or near the bottom, but this, as heretofore practised, has been attended with considerable difliculty.

In most localities it is difficult to get at the couplings to fit and unite them; the tub cannot be moved without disconnecting the pipes. Whenever the tub or the pipes require to be repaired or renewed, they must be disconnected and reconnected, requiring at all times the plumber which is attended with delay, inconvenience and expense. If, to avoid this, the supply pipes are carried down inside the tub to or near the bottom, they are in the way of the bather, form lodgment for dirt and are liable to be deranged in bathing. In consequence of these inconveniences, the obj ectionable mode of supplying the water from above has been generally preferred.

The object of my invention is to avoid the above enumerated objections to the use of a separate overflow pipe as heretofore used, and to produce a bath too, in which the hot and cold water are supplied together horizontally and near the bottom of the tub, and without the necessity of coupling the hot and cold water pipes to the tub, thus avoiding the serious diificulties heretofore experienced.

In view of the objects to be attained the nature of my invention consists in casting, or otherwise forming the end of the tub with, or otherwise fitting to the tub, and, when fitted thereto making a permanent part thereof,-a projection extending from the upper edge of the tub, down to the bottom, and having two channels or water ways, one of which extends from a hole, opening horizontally or nearly so through the inside of the tub, and at or near the bottom thereof, to and through the upper edge of flanch of the tub in which are to be loosely or otherwise inserted the supply pipes, and the other extending from and connecting the waste hole at bottom with an overflow hole near the top, so that when the water reaches a certain height in the tub, it shall escape to and through the waste pipe, without being subject to accidents by neglect.

In the accompanying drawings a, represent-s the tub as I usually make it, cast in one piece, with the waste hole 6 at bottom to which is to be fitted a stopper in the usual way. A hole 0 near the bottom, for the admission of cold and hot water or either, and d, a hole near the top called the overflow hole for the escape of the surplus water, after it reaches a certain elevation in the tub and to prevent the water from overflowing. The tub is cast with a project-ion e at the end, which, as represented, extends from the upper edge or flanch of the tub and down to, and under, the bottom a little beyond the waste hole Z). This projection is formed with two channels f, and g. The one f, connects together the overflow hole d, and the waste hole 5, so that when the waste hole 5, is closed, and as the water rises in the tub to the hole (Z, the surplus shall pass through this hole down the channel or water way, and out through the waste pipe h, coupled to a hole in the bottom of the said projection a. By this means it will be perceived that the tub can never overflow, except by intentionally closing up the waste hole or water way. The channel 9, extends from the upper edge of the said projection c, to the supply hole 0, and is made of sufficient capacity for the insertion of the ends of the cold and hot water pipes z', and j, which are provided with stop-cocks in any desired manner above the tub. By this means the water is supplied at or near the bottom of the tub. and in such manner that they mingle together in flowing in; the pipes are entirely out of the Way, and all fitting and attaching to the tub is avoided.

In molding for casting the tub, the channels are formed by cores, properly inserted in the mold. Instead of casting the tub with the projection e, and its channels such channels and holes can be fitted and secured by fianches and bolts or screws, or otherwise to any suitable tub, but I prefer to cast the whole in one piece, as it avoids the necessity of making close and tight joints and the liability to leakage.

I do not limit myself to any particular form for the projection c, or to its locality, nor to the forms of the channels therein as these may be varied at pleasure, although I prefer to make the whole as above described. Nor do I wish to limit myself to the making of the two channels in one and the same projection as they may be made each in a separate projection and located at different parts of the tub. Nor finally do I wish to limit myself" to the use of the two channels in combination as the use of either one of them will greatly improve the bathing tub.

I do not claim broadly as of my invention the connection of the hot and cold water pipes of a bath tub so as to discharge hot and cold water together, as this has before been done by a pipe or pipes coupled with the bottom of the tub and discharging upward. Nor do I claim broadly the use of an overflow pipe for carrying off the water and preventing the water in the tub from overflowing as a separate device has before been used for this purpose; but when so used it was so connected with the waste and supply pipes as to necessitate the use of a valve within the waste pipe with all its attendant disadvantages.

VVhat- I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The before described mode of combining with a bathing tub, either one or both of the channel ways, substantially as described, and making, when constructed, part of the tub, one of which channel ways connects the overflow and the waste or discharge holes with the waste pipe, and the other channel way is adapted to the insertion of the hot and cold water pipes, and discharging the hot and cold water together at or near the bottom of the tub, and in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

JORDAN L. MOTT.

Vit-nesses M. I'I. BISHOP, CHAS. W. BAMBURGX-L [FlRsT PRINTED 1913.] 

